In this study, Hazard identification (HAZID) method is used to assess the risk of large methanol fueled oil tanker, focusing on the methanol fuel supply system and related tank and equipment arrangement. Based on the low flash point, flammable, volatile and toxic characteristics of methanol fuel, various risk factors that may exist during methanol fuel storage, transportation and application are analyzed in this study. On this basis, the key risk points in the application of methanol fuel are identified, risk levels are assessed, prevention and control measures are made to effectively cope with and reduce the safety risks in the application of methanol fuel. The study shows that although methanol as a clean energy has significant advantages in environmental protection, which is greatly reducing environmental pollution, but its safety challenges cannot be ignored. In particular, the leakage of methanol fuel, possible fire and explosion and other risks pose a potential threat to ship operations. This study not only provides a scientific and comprehensive risk assessment for the actual application of methanol as fuel onboard, but also puts forward practical control solutions, laying a solid foundation for the sustainable development of methanol fuel in the marine field. These results are important for promoting the wide application of clean energy in the shipping industry.