According to the diversity characteristics of ship material procurement category, quantity and source, this research constructs a risk factor index system for ship material procurement from the perspective of the whole life cycle of procurement, which mainly consists of 5 first-class indexes and 12 second-class indexes. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process method to construct the weight of each risk index and using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to analyze the risk factors that affect the procurement cost under the new situation, the risk value of ship material procurement can be measured. The empirical analysis results show that the risks of ship material procurement mainly focus on six aspects: the price of bulk metal materials, exchange rate, industrial concentration, degree of self-control, procurement mode, order batch and variety diversification. Accordingly, the research puts forward relevant policy suggestions for enterprises and the government, which is of practical significance to avoid or reduce the procurement cost control risk of shipbuilding enterprises and improve the benefits of shipbuilding enterprises.